ABSTRACT
To compare the effect of integration processing technology of origin (IPTO) and traditional cutting processing technology (TCPT) of Moslae Herba for lung-Yang deficiency rats caused by complex factors, analyze the mechanism, and provide the modern pharmacology basis for the implementation of IPTO of Moslae Herba. The rat models of lung-Yang deficiency were established by smoking + swimming in ice water + drinking ice water. The model rats were randomly divided into different groups, and were treated with intragastric administration for 30 d. Then the general signs, anal temperature and autonomic activity of the rats were observed. The pathological morphology of lung tissues was observed, and the positive expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) was observed by immunohistochemical method, and the hematological indexes were determined. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method was used to detect serum nitric oxide (NO), immunoglobulin G (IGG), malondialdehyde (MDA), thromboxane B2 (TXB2) and interleukin-8 (IL-8) level, and the organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, lung, kidney and other organs were calculated. According to the results, Moslae Herba volatile oil and decoction could improve the general signs and autonomic activities of lung-Yang deficiency rats, improve the body weight, rectal temperature, and the content of IGG in serum of lung-Yang deficiency rats, reduce organ coefficients of heart, liver, spleen, lung and kidney, serum NO, MDA, TXB2, IL-8 contents, white blood cell and TNF-α mean optical density in the lung tissues of rats. witg statistically significant difference (<0.01 or <0.05). The effects of IPTO volatile oil and water decoction were slightly higher. Therefore, Moslae Herba has therapeutic effect on lung-Yang deficiency rats, and ICPT has better effect, whose mechanism may be related to the intervention of TNF-α expression, improving the level of IGG, and inhibiting NO, MDA, IL-8, and TXB2 levels.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the acceptability of male circumcision (MC) as an HIV prevention method and its related factors among young men of Yi ethnicity in Liangshan prefecture. Methods 446 young men were selected in Butuo county,under stratified sampling method. Using a self-designed questionnaire,face to face interviews were taken to collect HIV-related risk behaviors,knowledge and acceptability of MC. Results After an introduction on MC by interviewers,40.6% of the interviewees expressed their willingness in taking this surgery. The main reason for acceptance was that they felt this surgery might reduce the risk of HIV infection (90.1%). For those who refused to take this surgery,most of them thought it was too sensitive and embarrassing (52.5%) and were afraid that it might affect their procreation ability. Data from logistic regression analysis indicated that the acceptability of MC was associated with the following factors as: age,income,experience of commercial sexual behavior. They also felt that messages related to male MC surgery could reduce the risk of being infected with HIV/STDs or induce pain when having sexual intercourse,or it might cause partial infection after surgery,or they might be mocked at if taking the surgery. Conclusion It is the prerequisite in helping young people of Yi ethnicity to have a good understanding on MC as for Yi people,embarrassment attitudes towards sex appears to be one of the big obstacles against the popularization of this surgery. The operation should be provided by trained and professional doctors,with standardized procedure,in good sanitary conditions and free for service.
ABSTRACT
<p><b>AIM</b>To develop a method for direct determination of perfluoropropane in canine whole blood and to study its pharmacokinetics after a suspension of perfluoropropane-containing albumin microcapsules was administered intravenously.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Perfluoropropane-containing albumin microcapsule suspension was administered intravenously to anesthetized canines at the dosage of 0.6 mL x kg(-1). Whole blood samples were collected and added directly into the purging glass tube in Tekmar 3000 Purge and Trap Concentrator coupled with a GC-MS for the determination of perfluoropropane. The pharmacokinetic parameters of perfluoropropane were calculated by non-compartment model statistics.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The linear range was 0.0168-4.03 mg x L(-1). The main pharmacokinetic parameters of perfluoropropane was obtained as follows: mean residence time (MRT) was (63 +/- 5) s, T1/2 was (44 +/- 4) s, Tmax was 30 s, Cmax was (2.20 +/- 0.20) mg x L(-1), AUC0-infinity was (96 +/- 11) mg x s x L(-1).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The method is sensitive, specific and simple. It can be used to determine fluorocarbon contained in microcapsule ultrasound contrast agents for studying its pharmacokinetics.</p>